How social media and streaming platforms are shaping K-pop debuts

A decade ago, K-pop groups mainly prepared for local television music and variety shows when debuting or releasing a new album. Today, the landscape has changed dramatically: idols must establish a presence across multiple platforms, from music streaming services like Spotify and Melon to video platforms such as YouTube and TikTok. Interestingly, platforms that once had clear, distinct functions are now overlapping. Music streaming services are hosting original content, while social media platfo